René Guénon
Chapter 27

Initiatic Centers

Des centres initiatiques, January 1933.

All regular initiations transmissions proceed more or less directly, as we
have said, from spiritual centers which are themselves attached to the
supreme center which preserves the repository of the Primordial Tradi-
tion, from which all particular traditional forms are derived by adapta-
tion to specific circumstances of time and place. We have indicated in
our study on The King of the World, how these spiritual centers are con-
stituted in the image of the supreme center, of which they are in a way
like so many reflections; we will not return to this here, and we will only
consider some points which are more immediately related to the ques-
tions we have dealt with in our preceding articles.
Firstly, it is easy to understand that the attachment to the supreme
center is indispensable to ensure the continuity of transmissions of 'spir-
itual influences' from the very origin of present humanity (we should
even say beyond these origins, since what is involved is 'non-human')
and throughout the duration of its cycle of existence; this is true of eve-
rything that has a truly traditional character, even for exoteric, religious,
or other such organizations, at least at their onset; this is even more so
in the initiatic order. At the same time, it is in this connection which
maintains the inner and essential unity existing under the diversity of
formal appearances, and, therefore, is the guarantee of 'orthodoxy,' in
the true meaning of the word. It must be understood that this attachment
may not always remain conscious, and this is all too obvious in the exo-
teric order; on the contrary, it seems that it should always be so in the
case of initiatic organizations, one of whose fundamental reasons, by tak-
ing a certain traditional form, is to go beyond this form and rise from
diversity to unity. Naturally, this does not mean that such a conscious-
ness must exist in all the members of an initiatic organization, which is
obviously impossible and would make the existence of a hierarchy of de-
grees useless, but it should exist at the peak of this hierarchy, if all those
who have reached it were truly 'adepts,' that is, beings who have actually
realized the fullness of initiation; such 'adepts' would constitute an initi-
atic center which would constantly be in conscious communication with
the supreme center. However, in reality, this may not always be so, if
only because of a certain degeneration that makes the removal of origins
possible, and which can reach the point, as we said earlier, where an or-ganization would come to only understand what we have called 'virtual
initiates,' yet it still transmits, even if they do not realize it, the 'spiritual
influence' of which this organization is the depository. In such a case,
the attachment still remains, so that the transmission has not been inter-rupted, and it is sufficient for some who have received the ‘spiritual in-fluence' in these conditions to be able to regain consciousness if he has
within him the required possibilities; even in this case, belonging to an
initiatic organization is far from representing only a mere formality
without real meaning, such as those who do not reach the essence of
things.

Furthermore, it is important to note that an initiatic organization can
proceed from the supreme center, not directly, but through secondary
and subordinate centers, which is the most common case; as there is in
each organization a hierarchy of degrees, there are also, among the or-ganizations themselves, what may be called degrees of 'interiority' and
of relative 'externality;' it is clear that those which are the most external,
which is to say the furthest from the supreme center, are also those
where the consciousness of attachment can be lost most easily. Although
the purpose of all initiatic organizations is essentially the same, there are
some who are at different levels of participation within the Primordial
Tradition (which, by the way, does not mean that among their members
there cannot be those who have personally attained the same degree of
effective knowledge); there is no reason to be astonished, if we observe
that the different traditional forms themselves do not all immediately de-rive from the original source; the 'chain' can count a greater or lesser
number of intermediate rings, without being any solution of continuity.
The existence of this superposition is not one of the least reasons among
all those that make up the complexity and difficulty of a somewhat in-depth study of the constitution of initiatic organizations; it must be added
that such a superposition can also be found within the same traditional
form, and we have had occasion to give a particularly clear example here
with respect to the Far-Eastern tradition.[302] This example is perhaps one
of those which best allows us to understand how continuity is ensured
through the multiple echelons constituted by so many superimposed or-ganizations, since those engaged in the field of action are only temporary
formations destined to play a relatively external role, as opposed to those
of the most profound order, which, while being a resident of the 'non-action' principal, by this very fact, they give all others their real direction.
In this connection, we must draw special attention to the fact that, even
if some of the most external organizations, find themselves in opposition to each other, this cannot in any way prevent the unity of direction from existing, because the direction in question is beyond any opposition, and not in the field where it asserts itself. In short, there is something comparable to the roles played by different actors in the same play, and which, even as they are opposed, do not contribute any less to the march of the whole; each organization plays the same role as it is intended, and this can even extend to the exoteric domain, where the elements that fight against each other adhere to a single direction of which they do not even suspect of existing, albeit quite unconsciously and involuntarily.[303]

These considerations also show, within the same organization, how there may be a kind of dual hierarchy, and this especially is the case where the apparent leaders are not themselves are aware of the attachment to a spiritual center; there may then be, outside of the visible hierarchy that they form, another invisible hierarchy whose members, without fulfilling any 'official' function, will be those who effectively ensure, by their very presence, an effective liaison with the center. These representatives of the spiritual centers, in the most relatively external organizations, obviously do not have to make themselves known as such, and they can take such a look as is best suited to the 'action of presence' that they fulfill, that is that of the simple members of the organizations if they must play a fixed and permanent role, or if it is a momentary influence before being transported to different points, that of the mysterious ‘travelers' whose history has guarded more than one example, and whose external attitude is often chosen in the best way to either baffle investigators, whether it is to get attention for special reasons or to otherwise go completely unnoticed.[304] It is also possible to understand what role those
who, without belonging to any known organization (and we mean an
organization with external graspable forms), presided in some cases over
the formation of such organizations, or, afterwards, inspired and directed
them visibly; such was the role of the Rose-Cross in the Western world,
and this is also the true meaning of what Masonry of the eighteenth cen-
tury referred to as the 'Unknown Superiors.'
All this makes it possible to foresee certain possibilities of actions of
the spiritual centers, apart from the means which one can consider as
normal, and that especially when the circumstances are abnormal, we
mean in such conditions that do not allow the use of more direct routes
and a manifest regularity. Therefore, without even mentioning the im-
mediate intervention of the spiritual center, which is possible always and
everywhere, a spiritual center, whatever it may be, can act outside of its
normal zone of influence, either in favor of particularly 'qualified' indi-
viduals, but who is isolated in an environment where the obscuration has
reached such a point that nothing traditional remains in it and initiation
can no longer be achieved, either in view of a more general purpose, and
also something more exceptional, such as that which would consist in
renewing an initiatic 'chain' which was broken accidently. Such an ac-
tion occurs more specifically in a period or in a civilization where spirit-
uality is completely lost, and where, therefore, things of the initiatic or-
der are more hidden than in any other case, it should not be surprising
that its modes are extremely difficult to define, especially since the ordi-
nary conditions of place and sometimes even time become virtually non-
existent. We will not insist on this anymore; what is essential to remem-
ber is that, even if an apparently isolated individual happens to have a
real initiation, this initiation can never be spontaneous in appearance,
and that, in fact, it will always imply the attachment to an existing center
by some means, apart from such an attachment, it can in no way be a
question of initiation.
If we return to the considerations of normal cases, we must say this
again to avoid any ambiguity on what precedes: in alluding to certain
oppositions, we are not considering the multiple paths that can be repre-
sented by so many special initiatic organizations, either in correspond-
ence with different traditional forms, or in the same traditional form.
This multiplicity is made necessary by the very fact of the differences of
nature which exist between individuals, so that each can find that which,
being in conformity with it, will permit him to develop his own possibil-
ities; if the goal is the same for all, the starting points are indefinitely
diversified and comparable to the multitude of points of a circumference,
from which departs so many rays which end in the single center, and which are thus the image of the very paths in question. There is no op-position in all this, but on the contrary a perfect harmony; in fact, there can be opposition only when certain organizations are, by reason of con-tingent circumstances, called upon to a sort of accidental role, which is external to the essential purpose of initiation and not affecting it in any-way. However, it may be supposed from certain appearances, and it is often believed in fact, that there are initiations which are, in themselves, opposed to each other; but this is a mistake and it is easy to understand why it cannot be so. Indeed, since there is in principle only one Unique Tradition, from which every orthodox traditional form is derived, there can be only one initiation that is equally unique in its essence, albeit in various forms and with multiple modalities; where 'regularity' is lacking, which is to say, where there is no attachment to a traditional orthodox center, we are no longer dealing with true initiation, and it is only abu-sively that this word can still be used in such a case. In this we do not mean to speak only of the pseudo-initiatic organizations which have al-ready been mentioned before, and which are really nought; but there is something else which presents a more serious character, and which is precisely what can give an appearance of reason to the illusions which we have just pointed out: if it seems that there are opposing initiations, it is because, apart from true initiation, there is what may be called, albeit with certain reservations, the ‘counter-initiation;' we will have to explain ourselves smore completely on this point, which is too often misunder-stood or misinterpreted, so that further developments will be necessary to dispel the confusions which give rise and makes things appear in their true form.

Footnotes

[302]See our article on Taoism and Confucianism, in the special issue on China (August-September 1932).
[303]According to the Islamic tradition, every being is a muslim, which is to say the subject of divine will, from which nothing can escape; the difference between beings consists in that, while some consciously and voluntarily conform to the universal order, the others ignore it or even claim to oppose it (see The Symbolism of the Cross, ch. 25). To fully comprehend the relationship of this with what we have just said, it must be noted that the true spiritual centers must be considered as representing the Divine Will in this world; those who are effectively attached to it can be regarded as collaborating consciously in the realization of what the Masonic initiation refers to as the 'plan of the Great Architect;' as for the two other categories which we alluded to, those who are pure and simply ignorant are the profane, and those who have the illusory pretension of being against the pre-established order, belong to ‘counter-initiation,' of which we will have to speak later.
[304]In this final case, which necessarily escapes historians, but which is likely the most frequent, we will cite only two typical examples, which is well known in [^]: the Taoist tradition and whose equivalent can even be found in the Occident: that of the jongleurs and that of the horse traders.