René Guénon
Chapter 35

28 § Symbolic Weapons

IN speaking of symbolic flowers, we called attention to the lance which, as symbol, figures in the Grail legend as a complement to the cup, and which is one of the many representations of the World Axis. At the same time, we said that this lance is also a symbol of the 'celestial Ray', and in accordance[1] with what we have mentioned elsewhere[2] it is obvious that these two meanings basically coincide. But this also explains why the lance, as well as the sword and the arrow which are its near equivalents, are sometimes assimilated to the solar ray. It goes without saying that these two symbolisms, polar and solar, must never be confused and that, as we have often indicated, polar symbolism is more fundamental and in fact truly primordial; but it is none the less true that what can be called 'transfers' from one to the other frequently occur, for reasons which we may attempt to explain more clearly on some other occasions.[3]

In this connection, we shall for the moment confine ourselves specifically to the attribution of the arrow to Apollo.[4] It is known that with his arrows Apollo killed the serpent Python, just as in the Vedic tradition, Indra killed Ahi or Vritra, the counterpart of Python, with the _vajra_ which represents the thunderbolt; and this comparison leaves no doubt whatsoever as to the original symbolical equivalence of the two weapons in question. We may also recall the 'golden arrow' of _Abaris_ or of _Zalmoxis_, which figures in the history of Pythagoras; and here it can be seen still more clearly that this symbolism is expressly related to the Hyperborean Apollo, which proves the link between his solar and polar aspects.[5]

As to the various weapons that represent the World Axis, it should be noted that they are, not always, but very often, either double-edged or with two points, one at each end. This two-pointedness, as in the case of the _vajra_ to which we shall have to return, must clearly be referred back to the duality of the poles, considered as two extremities of the axis, with all the correspondences which this implies and of which we have already spoken elsewhere.[6] In the case of two-edged weapons, the duality lies actually along the axis, so that we must see here a more direct allusion to the two currents that are represented in another way by the two serpents entwined around the staff or the caduceus. But since these two inverse currents are themselves respectively related to the two poles and the two hemispheres, it is immediately obvious that the two symbolisms come together as being in reality one. Fundamentally, then, it is always a question of a double force, single in essence but with apparently opposite effects in its manifestation, resulting from

Footnotes

[8]Another point, which we can only indicate in passing, is that _vajra_ means both 'thunderbolt' and 'diamond'; this would however lead to further aspects of the question which we are not prepared to treat fully here [see below, 28, 29, and 54.]
[9]On certain Gallic coins also there is the figure of an enigmatic personage holding in one hand an object that seems to be a _lituus_ or augural wand, and in the other a hammer with which he strikes on a kind of anvil. In view of these attributes the name 'blacksmith Pontiff' has been given to this personage.
[1]In this respect the complementarity of the lance and the cup is strictly comparable to that of the mountain and the cave, to which we will return later.
[2]See The Symbolism of the Cross.
[3][See ch. 30, below.]
[4][Apollo has been considered as a 'Christ before Christ'; and in early Christianity, one of the names given Christ was 'Chosen Arrow'. Tr.]
[5]In this connection, let it be noted that the 'golden thigh' of Pythagoras which made him appear as a kind of manifestation of the Hyperborean Apollo himself, relates to the symbolism of the polar mountain and of Ursa Major. On the other hand, the serpent Python has an especial connection with Delphi (which was called Pytho in ancient times), sanctuary of the Hyperborean Apollo; hence the designation of Pythoness [or Pythia], and also the name Pythagoras itself, which is really a name of Apollo, 'he who guides the Pythoness', that is to say, the inspirer of her oracles.
[6]See The Great Triad, ch.5.
28 § Symbolic Weapons - Fundamental Symbols: The Universal Language of Sacred Science